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Brinell Hardness Formula:
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The Brinell hardness test is one of the oldest and most widely used hardness testing methods. It measures the indentation hardness of materials through the scale of penetration of an indenter, loaded on a material test-piece.
The calculator uses the Brinell hardness formula:
Where:
Explanation: The Brinell hardness number is calculated by dividing the applied load by the surface area of the indentation left by the ball indenter.
Details: Brinell hardness testing is crucial for material characterization, quality control, and material selection in various industries including manufacturing, construction, and metallurgy.
Tips: Enter the applied load in kilograms and the surface area of the indentation in square millimeters. Both values must be positive numbers greater than zero.
Q1: What is the typical range for Brinell hardness values?
A: Brinell hardness values typically range from about 50 BHN for soft materials like aluminum to over 600 BHN for hardened steels.
Q2: What are the advantages of Brinell hardness testing?
A: Advantages include large indentation size (averaging material variations), suitability for coarse-grained materials, and good correlation with tensile strength.
Q3: What materials are suitable for Brinell testing?
A: Brinell testing is suitable for metals, alloys, and other materials that are not too hard or too thin. It's particularly good for castings and forgings.
Q4: How is the indentation area calculated?
A: The area is calculated from the diameter of the indentation using the formula: \( A = \frac{\pi D (D - \sqrt{D^2 - d^2})}{2} \) where D is ball diameter and d is indentation diameter.
Q5: What are the limitations of Brinell hardness testing?
A: Limitations include large indentation size (not suitable for small parts), slower testing process, and potential for operator error in measuring indentation diameter.