1. What is the Framingham Risk Score?

The Framingham Risk Score is a gender-specific algorithm used to estimate the 10-year cardiovascular risk of an individual. It evaluates multiple risk factors to predict the likelihood of developing coronary heart disease.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Framingham risk equation:

Where:

• \( Age \) — Age in years (20-79)
• \( Cholesterol \) — Total cholesterol level (mg/dL)
• \( HDL \) — HDL cholesterol level (mg/dL)
• \( BP \) — Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)
• \( Smoking \) — Current smoking status
• \( Diabetes \) — Diabetes diagnosis

Explanation: The equation combines these factors using gender-specific coefficients to estimate 10-year risk of cardiovascular events.

3. Importance of CVD Risk Assessment

Details: Accurate CVD risk assessment helps identify individuals who may benefit from preventive interventions, lifestyle modifications, and medical treatments to reduce cardiovascular disease risk.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter accurate laboratory values and clinical information. Fasting lipid profiles provide the most accurate results. Blood pressure should be measured after 5 minutes of rest.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is considered high risk?
A: Generally, 10-year risk ≥20% is considered high, 10-19% intermediate, and <10% low risk.

Q2: How often should risk be assessed?
A: Every 4-6 years in adults 20+ without CVD, or more frequently if risk factors change.

Q3: Are there limitations to this score?
A: May underestimate risk in young people with multiple risk factors and overestimate in older adults. Not validated for all ethnic groups.

Q4: What if I have existing heart disease?
A: This calculator is for primary prevention. If you have known CVD, you are already in the high-risk category.

Q5: Can lifestyle changes affect my risk?
A: Yes, quitting smoking, improving diet, increasing physical activity, and managing blood pressure can significantly reduce CVD risk.